Agrobiodiversity and Sustainability of Oasis Agrosystems in Palm Groves of Sahara and Sahel in Chad

The cultivation of date palm, a pillar oasis agrosystem constitutes real source development in arid and semi-arid zones because its fruit’s rich sugars various products, essential to daily life the populations. In Chad, production has experienced decline since sixties, relation diseases, pests poorly performing techniques, environmental factors are major causes degradation phoeniculture as well insecurity phenomenon rural exodus. order assess potential agroecosystems based on palm an ethnobotanical survey was carried out among farmers Sahara Sahel. cultivars is mainly cultivated North country where it allows diversified subsistence agriculture (market gardening, fruit trees, cereals fodder), which excludes use chemical inputs production. Our study made possible highlight important genetic diversity with more than 200 cultivars, resulting from empirical selection multiplied by offshoot. Sahara, palms have only one season per year satisfactory productivity, acceptable price good knowledge practises. central part corresponding Sahelian zone, agrosystems also found basins. climatic conditions favour two seasons income sale dates first (April May) greater those second (June September). strengthening local extension groves increase would contribute food security maintenance populations Chad generally Sahel’s countries.